Electron optics

Electron optics is the study of how electron beams are manipulated and focused using devices similar to lenses in light optics. Since electrons have wave-like properties, controlling their paths involves magnetic and electric fields rather than glass lenses. This field enables the design of powerful microscopes (like electron microscopes) and electron beam equipment, allowing us to see extremely small details and conduct precise experiments in science and industry. Essentially, electron optics helps us direct and focus streams of electrons accurately, much like controlling light with optical lenses, but with electromagnetic fields to achieve high magnification and resolution at the atomic scale.