Electromagnetic bandgap

Electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) refers to engineered materials or structures that block or control electromagnetic waves, such as radio frequencies, within certain ranges. They are designed to prevent signals at specific frequencies from passing through, much like a filter, but are achieved using periodic patterns that create a range of frequencies where waves cannot travel. EBGs are used in technology like antennas, reducing interference and improving performance by controlling electromagnetic energy, much like traffic barriers that direct or block certain flows of vehicles, but for electromagnetic signals.