Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a technique used to analyze how materials and systems respond to electrical signals. By applying a small, varying electrical voltage and measuring the resulting current, EIS reveals information about the properties and behaviors of surfaces, interfaces, and materials—such as resistance, capacitance, and diffusion processes. It's like probing a system's internal characteristics over a range of frequencies, helping scientists understand corrosion, batteries, sensors, and coatings more effectively, leading to improvements in their design and performance.