electric battery technology

Electric battery technology stores electrical energy chemically and releases it as electricity when needed. Inside a battery, there are two main components called electrodes—one positive (cathode) and one negative (anode)—separated by an electrolyte that allows ions to move between them. When the battery is used, a chemical reaction occurs, causing electrons to flow from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, powering devices. Rechargeable batteries (like those in smartphones and electric vehicles) can have this process reversed by applying electrical energy, restoring their stored chemical energy for reuse. Advances in materials and design continue to improve capacity, lifespan, and safety.