Egyptian Sultanate

The Egyptian Sultanate (1517–1867) was a period when Egypt was governed by Ottoman-appointed sultans, functioning as an autonomous but officially Ottoman territory. It marked a shift from previous rulers, with sultans exercising centralized control over military, administrative, and economic affairs. During this time, Egypt experienced territorial expansion, internal modernization efforts, and increased European influence. The sultans maintained Islamic traditions while navigating complex relations with the Ottoman Empire and European powers. This era laid the political and social foundations that later transitioned into a more modern Egyptian state in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.