effort-reward imbalance theory

The effort-reward imbalance (ERI) theory suggests that stress and adverse health effects occur when the efforts someone invests at work—such as hard work, time, and responsibility—are not matched by appropriate rewards like pay, recognition, or career advancement. When there's a imbalance, feelings of frustration or unfairness can develop, increasing psychological and physiological stress. This theory highlights the importance of fair and adequate rewards in maintaining employee well-being, emphasizing that a balanced exchange between effort and reward promotes healthier work environments and overall well-being.