educational grading systems

Educational grading systems are methods used to evaluate and communicate student performance. They typically assign a letter grade (like A, B, C) or a numerical score, representing levels of achievement. Grades reflect understanding of subject material, coursework, exams, and participation. Some systems use percentages (e.g., 85%) or GPA (Grade Point Average) to summarize performance across courses on a standard scale. Passing grades indicate satisfactory performance, while higher grades show greater mastery. Grading standards vary by country and institution but aim to provide a fair and transparent measure of academic progress.