eDNA analysis techniques

eDNA analysis involves collecting environmental samples, like water, soil, or air, to detect genetic material shed by organisms in the environment. Scientists extract DNA from these samples and use methods like PCR (polymerase chain reaction) to amplify specific DNA sequences, helping identify which species are present without directly observing or capturing them. This technique is powerful for monitoring biodiversity, tracking invasive species, or assessing ecosystem health, offering a non-invasive, efficient way to understand complex biological communities in various environments.