
Edict of Gülhane
The Edict of Gülhane, issued in 1839 during the Ottoman Empire, marked a significant step toward modernization and reform. It promised to protect the rights of all subjects, promote justice, and impose equality regardless of religion or status. The edict aimed to modernize the empire’s administration, military, and legal systems, reduce corruption, and curb abuses by officials. Essentially, it was a commitment to fair treatment and reform, laying the groundwork for legal and societal changes that would eventually lead to a more equal and centralized state.