Ecology of Cities

The ecology of cities refers to how urban areas function like ecosystems, with living things (people, animals, plants) interacting with non-living elements (air, water, infrastructure). Cities influence and are shaped by these relationships, affecting local environments, health, and resources. Urban ecology studies these interactions to improve city living, promote sustainability, and reduce environmental impact. It considers how different species coexist amid human activity and how urban design can support both human needs and ecological health. Ultimately, it emphasizes that cities are complex, dynamic systems integrated into the natural world.