ecological equilibrium

Ecological equilibrium refers to a balanced state in which the populations of different species in a particular environment remain relatively stable over time. This balance occurs when resources like food, water, and shelter are sufficient to support these populations, and natural processes like reproduction, predation, and competition are in harmony. When this equilibrium exists, the ecosystem functions smoothly, with no species overwhelmingly dominating or disappearing. However, it can be affected by changes such as environmental shifts, human activities, or invasive species, which can disrupt the balance and lead to new ecological dynamics.