Ecological Dynamics of the Tundra

The tundra’s ecological dynamics are shaped by its cold, harsh environment, leading to limited plant growth and a short growing season. Vegetation, mainly mosses, lichens, and low shrubs, adapts to withstand extreme cold and wind. Permafrost, permanently frozen ground, influences water drainage and soil nutrients. Animals such as Arctic foxes, caribou, and migratory birds have adapted to survive the cold and seasonal changes. These interactions create a fragile ecosystem where plants, animals, and the cold climate are interconnected, with each influencing the others' survival and the overall stability of the tundra environment.