E=mc² (Einstein's theory)

Einstein's equation, \(E=mc^2\), expresses that energy (E) and mass (m) are interchangeable; they are different forms of the same thing. The \(c^2\) (the speed of light squared) acts as a large conversion factor, meaning a small amount of mass can be turned into a huge amount of energy. This principle explains how nuclear reactions release vast energy, as tiny mass differences are converted into power. In essence, mass is a condensed form of energy, and under specific conditions, they can transform into each other, revealing a fundamental link between matter and energy in the universe.