dyspnea scales (Borg Scale, Visual Analog Scale)

Dyspnea scales measure how breathless a person feels. The Borg Scale uses numbers (usually 0 to 10 or 0 to 20) to rate breathlessness, where higher numbers mean more difficulty breathing. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a straight line, typically 10 cm long, with "no breathlessness" at one end and "worst imaginable breathlessness" at the other; the person marks where they feel they are on that line. Both tools help healthcare providers assess and monitor breathing difficulty objectively, guiding treatment and evaluating progress.