Dvaita philosophy

Dvaita philosophy, founded by Madhva, is a dualistic school of Hindu thought that emphasizes a clear distinction between the individual soul (jiva), the supreme divine (Vishnu or God), and the universe. It asserts that these entities are separate and coexist eternally, with the soul’s ultimate goal being devotion and surrender to God. Unlike other philosophies that see sameness or unity between the soul and God, Dvaita maintains a fundamental difference, highlighting the importance of devotion, morality, and personal relationship with the divine. It celebrates the diversity of existence while recognizing a supreme, independent divine reality.