Dutch Euthanasia Act

The Dutch Euthanasia Act, enacted in 2002, allows physicians to legally perform euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide when a patient’s suffering is unbearable with no prospect of improvement. To do so lawfully, doctors must follow strict criteria: the patient's request must be voluntary and well-considered, the suffering unbearable, and there must be no reasonable alternative. The doctor must also assess the patient’s mental competence and consult at least one other independent doctor. After complying with these conditions and documenting the process, the physician can perform euthanasia without facing criminal liability.