Dunning-Krueger effect

The Dunning-Krueger effect is a cognitive bias where people with limited knowledge or skills in a specific area tend to overestimate their abilities. Conversely, those who are more skilled often recognize their limitations and may underestimate their competence. This phenomenon occurs because a lack of expertise can hinder the ability to accurately assess one’s own competence, leading to inflated self-assessments among novices, and more realistic evaluations among experts. Understanding this effect helps us recognize that confidence isn't always an indicator of true skill, emphasizing the importance of humility and continuous learning.