Dual-Process Theory in reasoning

Dual-Process Theory suggests our thinking occurs through two systems: System 1, which is fast, intuitive, and automatic, helps us make quick judgments; and System 2, which is slower, deliberate, and analytical, used for complex problem-solving. For example, recognizing a familiar face instinctively relies on System 1, while solving a math problem requires engaging System 2. Both systems work together, allowing us to think efficiently and adapt to different situations. This theory helps explain why we sometimes make snap decisions and other times carefully analyze details.