Drosophila melanolaster (fruit fly)

Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly, is a small insect often found around ripe or rotting fruit. It is a widely used model organism in scientific research due to its simple genetics, quick life cycle, and the ease of observing genetic changes. Scientists study fruit flies to understand genetics, development, and inheritance because many of their biological processes are similar to those of more complex animals, including humans. They are invaluable in advancing our knowledge of biology, disease, and evolution.