Downs' Model of Voting

Downs' Model of Voting, developed by economist Anthony Downs, suggests that voters choose candidates based on rational calculation of which will best serve their interests. Voters weigh the costs (such as time and effort) and benefits (like policy preferences), opting for the candidate most aligned with their preferences. The model assumes voters seek to maximize their utility and select the option that provides the greatest personal benefit. It also explains why voter turnout might be low: if the perceived difference between candidates is small, voters may see little reason to vote. Overall, it views voting as a strategic, cost-benefit decision.