Dong Qichang

Dong Qichang (1555–1636) was a influential Chinese painter, calligrapher, and art theorist of the Ming Dynasty. He is renowned for his role in shaping aesthetic ideas, emphasizing the importance of personal style and the integration of knowledge from historical masters. Dong promoted the notion that painting and calligraphy reflect an artist's inner character and scholarly understanding. His theories distinguished between different schools of Chinese art, encouraging a deeper appreciation of tradition while also fostering individual expression. Dong's work and ideas continue to influence Chinese art philosophy, highlighting the importance of harmony between technique, personal insight, and historical context.