DNA cloning

DNA cloning is a process used to create multiple identical copies of a specific segment of DNA. Scientists insert the target DNA into a smaller, circular DNA molecule called a plasmid, which acts as a carrier. This plasmid is then introduced into bacteria, which replicate rapidly, producing many copies of the DNA segment as they grow. This technique allows researchers to study, analyze, or manipulate specific genes efficiently.DNA cloning is essential in medicine, research, and biotechnology for producing proteins like insulin or exploring genetic functions.