distillation processes

Distillation is a process used to separate liquids based on differences in their boiling points. When a mixture is heated, the component with the lower boiling point turns into vapor first. This vapor is then collected and cooled back into liquid form, effectively separating it from the rest of the mixture. It's commonly used to purify water, produce spirits like whiskey, or refine crude oil into fuels. The process relies on controlled heating and cooling to isolate specific substances, making it an essential method in chemistry and industrial production for obtaining pure components from complex mixtures.