disk scheduling algorithms

Disk scheduling algorithms determine the order in which a computer's hard drive accesses data requests to optimize performance. They aim to reduce movement of the read/write head, minimizing seek time and improving efficiency. Common algorithms include First-Come-First-Served (FCFS), which processes requests in order received; Shortest Seek Time First (SSTF), choosing the closest request next; and scan-based methods like the elevator algorithm, which moves the head back and forth across the disk. Each balances efficiency and fairness differently, impacting how quickly data is retrieved and overall system performance.