Disjoint set data structure

A disjoint set data structure is a way to keep track of groups of items that are separate and not connected. It helps efficiently determine whether two items belong to the same group and to combine groups when needed. Imagine a collection of different friend circles; each circle represents a group. When two friends from different circles become friends, their groups merge. This structure uses techniques like "union" to combine groups and "find" to identify which group an item belongs to, enabling quick management of dynamic groupings in various computer applications.