Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE)

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic skin condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy skin cells, causing round, disc-shaped, red or scaly patches. These patches often appear on sun-exposed areas like the face, scalp, and ears, and may lead to scarring or hair loss if untreated. DLE is a form of lupus limited to the skin, not affecting internal organs. While the exact cause is unknown, factors like sun exposure and genetic predisposition can trigger or worsen it. Treatment typically involves sun protection and medications to reduce inflammation and immune response.