"Discipline and Punish" (book by Michel Foucault)

"Discipline and Punish" by Michel Foucault explores how modern society has shifted from public, brutal punishments to more subtle, normalized systems of control. The book examines institutions like prisons, schools, and hospitals, illustrating how disciplinary practices—such as surveillance, routines, and rankings—shape behavior and maintain social order. Foucault argues that power is exercised not just through laws, but through these pervasive mechanisms that influence our thoughts and actions, often making us internalize discipline. Overall, it reveals how power operates subtly in everyday life to regulate individuals and uphold societal norms.