directory permissions

Directory permissions determine who can access or modify the contents of a folder on a computer or server. They are set for three user groups: the owner (creator of the directory), the group (users with similar access needs), and others (everyone else). Permissions can allow reading (viewing files), writing (adding or changing files), and executing (opening or running files). Proper permissions help ensure security and control over data, preventing unauthorized changes while allowing intended access. Managing these settings is essential for maintaining privacy and operational integrity within a system.