Direction of Arrival Estimation Techniques

Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation techniques are methods used to determine the direction from which a signal, such as sound or radio waves, is coming. These techniques analyze the differences in time or phase at which a signal reaches multiple sensors or antennas. By comparing this data, we can pinpoint the angle of arrival of the signal. Common applications include radar, sonar, and audio processing, helping in navigation, surveillance, and telecommunications. Essentially, DOA estimation enables systems to “listen” and accurately identify where a signal originates.