direct reference

Direct reference is a way that language connects words to specific objects, people, or concepts in the real world without extra explanation. When someone uses a proper noun like "Taylor" to refer to a particular person, or points to an object and says "that book," they are making a direct reference. Essentially, the word or phrase points straight to the thing itself, rather than describing it or relying on additional context. This approach allows for clear and unambiguous identification of the referent, relying on the assumption that both speaker and listener understand what is being pointed to or mentioned.