Dirac fermions

Dirac fermions are particles described by the Dirac equation, which unifies quantum mechanics and special relativity. They represent particles with spin that can be either matter particles, like electrons, or their antimatter counterparts, like positrons. These fermions have properties such as having distinct antiparticles and obeying the Pauli exclusion principle. In condensed matter physics, some materials host quasiparticles that behave like Dirac fermions, exhibiting high mobility and linear energy-momentum relationships, which makes them interesting for advanced electronic applications. Essentially, Dirac fermions are fundamental particles or quasiparticles that combine quantum mechanics, relativity, and specific symmetry properties.