dilute solution theory

Dilute solution theory explains how small amounts of a solute (like salt) affect a solvent (like water). When the solute is present in low concentration, it interacts with the solvent molecules in a predictable way, allowing scientists to relate chemical potential (a measure of chemical energy) to concentration. This simplifies calculations of how the solution behaves, such as how particles distribute or how reactions proceed. Essentially, it assumes that each solute particle acts independently in the solvent, making it easier to analyze and understand the properties of dilute solutions.