Diffusion in porous media

Diffusion in porous media refers to the movement of molecules or particles through materials that have tiny, interconnected spaces—like soil, rocks, or sponge-like structures. This process occurs as particles naturally spread from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration, driven by concentration gradients. The porous structure influences how quickly and easily this movement happens, with factors like pore size, shape, and connectivity affecting diffusion rates. Understanding diffusion in these materials is important for fields like environmental science, engineering, and geology, as it impacts things like groundwater flow, pollutant spread, and resource extraction.