Dhimmitude

Dhimmitude refers to the historical status of non-Muslims living under medieval Islamic rule, where they were granted protection but faced certain restrictions and obligations. These communities, called "dhimmis," could practice their religion but often paid special taxes and had limited rights compared to Muslims. This system was meant to manage religious diversity, but it also established a hierarchy that could lead to discrimination. Today, the term is sometimes used to critique situations where religious minorities are seen as subordinate within a society, but its historical context is specific to certain Islamic empires of the past.