Desert

A desert is a type of ecosystem characterized by very low annual rainfall, typically less than 250 millimeters (10 inches). This limited moisture results in sparse vegetation and specialized plants and animals adapted to survive in harsh conditions. Deserts can be hot, like the Sahara, or cold, like parts of Antarctica. Despite common perceptions, deserts cover about 20-30% of Earth's surface and support unique life forms that thrive in extreme dryness and temperature fluctuations. Their landscapes include sand dunes, rocky plateaus, and sparse scrub, highlighting the diverse ways life persists in arid environments.