deposition techniques

Deposition techniques are methods used to create thin, precise layers of material onto a surface, often in manufacturing electronics or coatings. Common methods include physical vapor deposition (PVD), where material is vaporized in a vacuum and then condensed onto a surface, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), where gases react chemically to form a solid film on the substrate. These techniques allow for controlled, uniform coatings at the microscopic level, essential for the performance of electronic devices, optical components, and protective layers. The choice of method depends on material properties, desired thickness, and application requirements.