Demineralization

Demineralization is the process in which minerals, mainly calcium and phosphate, are lost from the tooth enamel. This occurs when acids produced by bacteria in the mouth break down these minerals, often due to poor oral hygiene, frequent sugar intake, or acid erosion. As minerals leach out, the enamel weakens and develops tiny holes or white spots, which can eventually lead to cavities if not addressed. Demineralization is an early stage of tooth decay, but it can be reversed with proper dental care, fluoride application, and improved oral hygiene practices to promote remineralization.