deep sea habitats

Deep sea habitats are parts of the ocean located thousands of meters below the surface, where sunlight does not reach. These environments are characterized by high pressure, cold temperatures, and complete darkness. Despite these extreme conditions, they host unique ecosystems with specially adapted plants and animals, such as bioluminescent creatures that produce their own light. These habitats include features like deep trenches, hydrothermal vents, and abyssal plains, supporting life that often relies on chemical energy instead of sunlight. Deep sea habitats are critical for understanding Earth's biodiversity and the processes that sustain life in the planet's most remote areas.