damping

Damping refers to the process that reduces the motion or vibrations of an object over time. When something moves or oscillates—like a swing or a building during an earthquake—damping forces act against this motion, gradually slowing it down until it stops. This occurs through mechanisms like friction or other energy-absorbing features that convert kinetic energy into heat or other forms of energy. Damping is essential for preventing excessive or damaging vibrations, ensuring stability and comfort in structures, vehicles, and many mechanical systems.