Cysteine cathepsins

Cysteine cathepsins are a group of enzymes, or protein-cutting molecules, found mainly inside cells. They play a vital role in breaking down proteins during normal cell processes like recycling damaged components or supporting immune functions. These enzymes operate best in acidic environments, such as inside cellular compartments called lysosomes. Proper regulation of cysteine cathepsins is essential for health; when their activity is imbalanced, it can contribute to diseases like cancer, arthritis, and neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding these enzymes helps scientists develop targeted therapies to treat various health conditions.