Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)

Cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) is an enzyme in the body that helps produce certain chemicals called prostaglandins, which are involved in maintaining normal functions like protecting the stomach lining, supporting blood clotting, and maintaining kidney health. It is always active in most tissues, helping keep these processes running smoothly. Medications like some pain relievers can block COX-1, which might reduce pain and inflammation but can also lead to side effects such as stomach irritation or increased bleeding risk because it interferes with the enzyme’s protective roles.