Cult of Mithras

The Cult of Mithras was a mystery religion in the Roman Empire, flourishing from the 1st to 4th centuries CE. It centered on Mithras, a deity associated with the sun, strength, and justice, often depicted slaying a bull—an act symbolizing life and renewal. Rituals were conducted in underground temples called mithraea, designed to foster secrecy and brotherhood among initiates. The religion emphasized moral virtues, loyalty, and personal salvation, appealing mainly to soldiers and men of the empire. Though largely disappearing with the rise of Christianity, Mithraism's influence is evident in Roman art and military practices.