CTOL (Conventional Take-Off and Landing)

Conventional Take-Off and Landing (CTOL) refers to aircraft that operate from runways designed for standard take-offs and landings, typically with wheels for ground movement. These aircraft rely on a runway's length and surface to generate enough speed for lift and safe landing. CTOL aircraft usually take off with a runway's full length and land using the same. This method is common for commercial airplanes and many military aircraft, allowing efficient operation from established airports or airfields. It contrasts with other methods like vertical or short-field take-off and landing, requiring specialized equipment or shorter runways.