crystallographic axes

Crystallographic axes are imaginary lines set in a specific, organized way within a crystal to describe its shape and internal structure. They help scientists understand how atoms are arranged and how the crystal grows. Typically, three axes—x, y, and z—are used, and they intersect at right angles (or other angles, depending on the crystal system). These axes serve as a coordinate system to measure distances, angles, and planes within the crystal, making it easier to analyze and compare different crystals and their properties.