Crystal system

A crystal system describes the way atoms are arranged in a crystal structure. It's like a set of patterns that repeat regularly to form solids with ordered shapes. There are seven main crystal systems—such as cubic, tetragonal, and hexagonal—each characterized by specific angles and lengths of their unit cells, the smallest repeat units. These systems help scientists classify minerals and materials based on their internal atomic layout, influencing properties like strength, optical qualities, and how they fracture. Essentially, crystal systems provide a framework for understanding the geometric organization underlying crystalline substances.