Crystal symmetry

Crystal symmetry refers to the repetitive, organized arrangement of atoms within a crystal structure. It describes how the pattern can be rotated, reflected, or shifted in space while still looking the same. These symmetrical operations create distinctive geometric patterns, called symmetry elements, such as mirror planes, axes of rotation, and centers of inversion. This organized symmetry influences the crystal's physical properties and appearance. Essentially, crystal symmetry reveals the internal order and regularity of the atomic arrangement, making it a fundamental concept in understanding the structure and behavior of crystalline materials.