Crusader period

The Crusader period (11th-13th centuries) was a time when European Christians launched religious military campaigns to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim control. Motivated by faith, political ambitions, and economic interests, they established a series of Latin Christian states in the Middle East. The Crusades affected European and Middle Eastern societies, leading to cultural exchanges, increased trade, and ongoing conflicts. Though originally aimed at religious salvation, these campaigns also had profound political and social impacts, shaping relations between different Christian, Muslim, and Jewish communities for centuries.