Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem

The Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem was a Christian state established during the Crusades, a series of religious wars from the 11th to 13th centuries aimed at reclaiming Jerusalem from Muslim control. It lasted from 1099 to 1291, centered around Jerusalem and key territories in modern-day Israel, Palestine, and Lebanon. The kingdom was a diverse, frontier society with European knights, local Christians, Muslims, and Jews. It served as both a religious and military outpost, facilitating trade and cultural exchange, but faced ongoing conflicts, leading to eventual Muslim recapture of the region.