crude oil distillation

Crude oil distillation is a process used to separate the complex mixture of hydrocarbons in crude oil into useful components. The process involves heating the crude oil in a large vessel called a distillation tower until it vaporizes. As the vapor rises through the tower, it cools and condenses at different levels, with each level corresponding to a specific temperature range. Lighter hydrocarbons like gasoline condense near the top, while heavier ones like asphalt settle toward the bottom. This separation allows us to extract and refine products used in fuels, plastics, and other materials.