Croisades

The Crusades were a series of religious wars from the 11th to the 13th centuries, initiated by European Christians to reclaim Jerusalem and other Holy Land sites from Muslim control. Motivated by religious devotion, political ambitions, and economic interests, they involved numerous military campaigns across Europe and the Middle East. The Crusades significantly impacted Christian-Muslim relations, led to cultural exchanges, and influenced European history, including trade, technology, and political structures. While often remembered for warfare, they also facilitated increased interaction between different cultures and religions during the medieval period.